Question 4 OR (a)
Income from three houses under the new tax regime
12 marks
- Time to write
- About 24 minutes
- Notes
- Crux notes
Question
Question 4 OR (a) · 12 marksMr. X (Date of Birth: 30/12/1961) owns three independent houses, with these details:
| Particulars | H-1 | H-2 | H-3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Purpose of use | Self-Occupied | Let Out | Let Out |
| M.V. | 500000 | 500000 | 500000 |
| F.R.V. | 600000 | 800000 | 450000 |
| S.R. | 450000 | 610000 | 580000 |
| Monthly Rent | Nil | 70000 | 50000 |
| Rent unrealized | – | 140000 | – |
| Vacancy loss (months) | – | Nil | 2 |
| M.Taxes paid by Mr. X for 2026-27 | 10% | 10% | 10% |
Mr. X borrowed to construct house-2 and house-3; the loan details are below.
| Houses | Loan taken on | Loan amount | Interest rate | Construction completed on | Last repayment date of loan |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| H-2 | 1/4/2023 | 2000000 | 10% | 10/6/2026 | 31/3/2038 |
| H-3 | 1/4/2015 | 2000000 | 10% | 10/10/2018 | 31/1/2027 |
Under the new tax regime, compute under the head house property his taxable income for the tax year 2026-27. (12)
Paper note: Set under the Income-tax Act, 1961 for assessment year 2024-25 (previous year 2023-24); answered under the Income-tax Act, 2025 for tax year 2026-27, so the year term moves forward by 3 years and every date in the question moves forward by the same 3 years, so that intervals, holding periods and ages are as printed. Every figure and name is as printed.
Reworded from the university paper: names and figures differ, the task is the same. The original paper belongs to the University of Delhi. See DU's question bank.
Before you write
Read off the question and its marks
Read from the question
- computeHead by head: each income under its head, exempt items marked exempt, then the deductions and the tax.
Write it in this order
- Read the data; note exactly what is asked 2 min
- 1 Self-occupied house under the new regime 1 mark 2 min
- 2 Expected rent, actual rent, unrealised rent and vacancy 4 marks 7 min
- 3 Municipal taxes and 30% deduction 2 marks 3 min
- 4 Interest, including pre-construction interest 3 marks 5 min
- 5 Income from house property 2 marks 3 min
- Check: arithmetic, units (₹, %), final answer underlined 2 min
Try it first. About 24 minutes for 12 marks. Write it out, then open the solution.
Solution
Hover or tap a marked figure, like 72,000, to see how it is made and where else it appears.
- Municipal taxes at 10% of municipal value were paid by Mr. X during the year.
- The unrealised rent of H-2 meets the conditions the rules lay down (a genuine tenancy, steps taken to recover the rent, the tenant having left or been asked to leave), so it is left out of the actual rent (section 21(4)).
- Each loan was outstanding in full until its last date of repayment, with interest at 10% a year.
- Assumption for H-2: let from its completion. H-2 was completed on 10/6/2026, so it is taken as let for the 295 days from then to 31/3/2027 at ₹70,000 a month; its municipal value, fair rent, standard rent and rent are taken for that period on a days basis (295 of 365 days), while the municipal taxes and the interest are as paid for the year. The full-year and ten-month readings are given at the end (The other reading).
Its annual value is nil (section 21(6)), and no loan was taken for it; under the new regime section 202(2)(a)(v) would in any case withdraw the interest deduction of section 22(1)(b) for such a house. Income: nil.
| Particulars | H-2 (Rs.) | H-3 (Rs.) |
|---|---|---|
| Municipal value (H-2: ₹5,00,000 for 295 of 365 days) | 4,04,110 | 5,00,000 |
| Fair rent (H-2: ₹8,00,000 for 295 days) | 6,46,575 | 4,50,000 |
| Standard rent (H-2: ₹6,10,000 for 295 days) | 4,93,014 | 5,80,000 |
| Expected rent: higher of municipal value and fair rent, not above standard rent | 4,93,014 | 5,00,000 |
| Actual rent (H-2: ₹8,40,000 × 295/365 = ₹6,78,904 less unrealised ₹1,40,000; H-3: ₹50,000 × 10, two months vacant) | 5,38,904 | 5,00,000 |
| Gross annual value: the higher of expected and actual rent | 5,38,904 | 5,00,000 |
| Less: Municipal taxes (10% of municipal value) | 50,000 | 50,000 |
| Net annual value | 4,88,904 | 4,50,000 |
| Less: 30% of net annual value (section 22(1)(a)) | 1,46,671 | 1,35,000 |
| Less: Interest on borrowed capital (below) | 3,20,000 | 1,66,667 |
| Income from house property | 22,233 | 1,48,333 |
For H-3 the actual rent after the vacancy (₹5,00,000) equals the expected rent, so the vacancy does not reduce the annual value below it.
Interest on borrowed capital (section 22(1)(b), (c))
| Particulars | H-2 (Rs.) | H-3 (Rs.) |
|---|---|---|
| Interest for the year (H-2: ₹20,00,000 × 10%; H-3: ₹20,00,000 × 10% × 10/12, the loan ending on 31/1/2027) | 2,00,000 | 1,66,667 |
| Pre-construction interest: H-2, 1/4/2023 to 31/3/2026, ₹6,00,000 ÷ 5 (first of five years, completion in 2026-27) | 1,20,000 | — |
| Total interest | 3,20,000 | 1,66,667 |
H-3 was completed on 10/10/2018; its five instalments of pre-construction interest ran from 2018-19 to 2022-23 and are over. Under the new regime, interest on a let-out house remains deductible: section 202(2)(a)(v) withdraws the section 22(1)(b) deduction only for a self-occupied house of section 21(6). Under either regime, interest chargeable under the Act and payable outside India is not deductible if tax has been neither paid nor deducted on it under Chapter XIX-B and there is no agent in India for it under section 306 (section 22(6)); both loans here are taken as payable in India. H-2's pre-construction interest is taken as not allowed under any other provision, so it is not reduced before the instalments are worked out (section 22(3)).
Income from house property for tax year 2026-27
| House | Rs. |
|---|---|
| H-1 (self-occupied) | Nil |
| H-2 | 22,233 |
| H-3 | 1,48,333 |
| Taxable income under the head house property | 1,70,566 |
The other reading. If H-2 is taken as let for the full 12 months, since the paper gives its monthly rent and no vacancy: expected rent ₹6,10,000, actual rent ₹7,00,000 (₹8,40,000 less ₹1,40,000), net annual value ₹6,50,000, 30% ₹1,95,000, H-2 income ₹1,35,000 and total ₹2,83,333. On a ten-month basis (June to March): expected rent ₹5,08,333, actual rent ₹5,60,000, net annual value ₹5,10,000, 30% ₹1,53,000, H-2 income ₹37,000 and total ₹1,85,333. The completion date of 10/6/2026 makes letting from completion the likelier reading, so the days basis is taken above.
Where the 12 marks sit
| # | Component | Marks |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Self-occupied house under the new regime | 1 |
| 2 | Expected rent, actual rent, unrealised rent and vacancy | 4 |
| 3 | Municipal taxes and 30% deduction | 2 |
| 4 | Interest, including pre-construction interest | 3 |
| 5 | Income from house property | 2 |
| Total | 12 |
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