Question 4 (i)
Scientific management and administrative management compared
5 marks
- Time to write
- About 10 minutes
From an older CBCS paper
Question
Question 4 (i) · 5 marksCompare and contrast any three from the following:
- Scientific management and Administrative management
Reworded from the university paper; the task is the same. The original paper belongs to the University of Delhi. See DU's question bank.
Before you write
Read off the question and its marks
Read from the question
- any threeThe paper asks for any 3, and this is one of them. Only 3 are marked: a fourth earns nothing.
- CompareCompare in a table, basis by basis.
Write it in this order
- Read; underline the asks; jot your points 1 min
- 1 Scientific management 1 mark 2 min
- 2 Administrative management 1 mark 2 min
- 3 Points of similarity 1 mark 1 min
- 4 Points of contrast, with example 2 marks 3 min
- Check: every ask answered, key terms underlined 1 min
Try it first. About 10 minutes for 5 marks. Write it out, then open the solution.
Solution
Hover or tap a marked figure, like 72,000, to see how it is made and where else it appears.
Scientific management is the contribution of F. W. Taylor, an American mechanical engineer. It stressed finding the one best way of doing production work. Taylor worked at the shop-floor level of the factory, built his ideas on observation and experiment, and aimed at raising productivity.
Administrative management is the contribution of Henri Fayol, a French mining engineer. The administrative theorists asked how jobs and the people doing them could be grouped so that the organisation runs efficiently. Fayol developed his ideas largely from his own experience, was the first to identify the functions of management, and gave fourteen principles that take a top-down view of how top management and other managers should conduct themselves.
- Both belong to the classical school of management thought, along with Weber's bureaucracy.
- Both came from engineers who wrote in the era of the industrial revolution and factory production, and both sought efficiency, Taylor in production work and Fayol in the organisation as a whole.
- Both contributed greatly to the study of management as a discipline.
| Basis | Scientific management (Taylor) | Administrative management (Fayol) |
|---|---|---|
| Focus | Raising productivity | Improving overall administration |
| Basis of the ideas | Observation and experimentation | Personal experience |
| Level of view | The shop floor of a factory | The top level of management |
| Character of the author | A scientist | A practitioner |
| Range of application | Specialised situations | Universal |
| Unity of command | Not treated as important: under functional foremanship a worker took orders from eight specialists | Strongly upheld |
| Known as | Scientific management | General theory of administration |
The differences are drawn from the study text's comparison. The two are best seen as complementary. In a two-wheeler plant in Hosur, time studies that set the standard pace on the assembly line apply Taylor's approach, while a clear line of command from the plant head down to each supervisor applies Fayol's.
Where the 5 marks sit
| # | Component | Marks |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Scientific management | 1 |
| 2 | Administrative management | 1 |
| 3 | Points of similarity | 1 |
| 4 | Points of contrast, with example | 2 |
| Total | 5 |
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