Question 1 (b)

Five abbreviations expanded (SBA, COD, TBS, e-waste, 3R)

5 marks

Time to write
About 10 minutes
Topic
Scope of environmental studies and basic terms

Question

Question 1 (b) · 5 marks

(1×5=5) Expand the following abbreviations:

  1. SBA
  2. COD
  3. TBS
  4. e-waste
  5. 3R

Reworded from the university paper; the task is the same. The original paper belongs to the University of Delhi. See DU's question bank.

Before you write

Read off the question and its marks

10 minfor 5 marks

Read from the question

  • (1×5=5)1 items at 5 marks each: give each its share.

Write it in this order

The parts stand alone: start with the one you are surest of.

  1. Read; underline the asks; jot your points 1 min
  2. 1 SBA 1 mark 2 min
  3. 2 COD 1 mark 2 min
  4. 3 TBS 1 mark 2 min
  5. 4 E-waste 1 mark 1 min
  6. 5 3R 1 mark 1 min
  7. Check: every ask answered, key terms underlined 1 min

Short on time? A few lines on every part beat a full answer to one: each part is capped at its own marks.

Try it first. About 10 minutes for 5 marks. Write it out, then open the solution.

Solution

Hover or tap a marked figure, like 72,000, to see how it is made and where else it appears.

(i) SBA

Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (Clean India Mission), India's national cleanliness and sanitation campaign; the DU syllabus uses it as a case study in environmental communication and public awareness.

(ii) COD

Chemical Oxygen Demand. The amount of oxygen needed to oxidise, by chemical means, the organic and other oxidisable matter in water; it is one of the parameters, alongside biochemical oxygen demand, by which effluents (such as landfill leachate) are tested against limits.

(iii) TBS

Tarun Bharat Sangh, which the DU syllabus lists among the contemporary Indian case studies on natural resources (with the Chipko and Appiko movements and the Sardar Sarovar dam).

(iv) e-waste

Electronic waste. Rule 3(1)(l) of the E-Waste (Management) Rules, 2022 covers any electrical or electronic equipment thrown away as waste, wholly or partly (solar photo-voltaic modules, panels and cells included), and also the rejects of manufacturing, refurbishing and repair.

(v) 3R

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, a waste-management principle to be followed in that order: reducing at source is best because less waste is created, reuse comes next because the item is used again as it is, and recycling comes last because turning waste into a new product uses energy.

Where the 5 marks sit

#ComponentMarks
1SBA1
2COD1
3TBS1
4e-waste1
53R1
Total5
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